To most users, tobacco is one of the most stimulating drugs in the world. However, according to medical practitioners, it has among the most dangerous drugs in the world.  Not only is it among the most addictive substances, but also very hazardous to one’s health. Over the years, plenty of campaigns in support for the implementation of the same laws used to prohibit consumption and sale of heroin, to consumption and sale of tobacco have emerged.

These campaigns have elicited different reaction among the supporters and opponents of implementation of this policy, with those against arguing that the effect of tobacco smoking on human health varies immensely from that of heroin. However, those for the policy emphasize that the fact that they don’t bear the same effect should not be given as an excuse against the implementation of the policy. This essay seeks to examine reasons for or against the prohibition of tobacco (Oriole, 2009).

Those opposed to application of this proposition argue that cigarettes enable people to concentrate better. It is not used only for consumption but also to contain a virus infection, as indicated in a research performed at Arizona State University. Additionally, it is a natural substance as opposed to heroin, which is chemically processed (Alltucker, 2014; Bommele, et al., 2014).

Nonetheless, those for the implementation of the proposition argue that cigarettes contain tobacco, which contains nicotine responsible for its addictiveness. Similar laws must be applied to all addictive non-medicinal drug substances. Also, the restrictions will generate conscience on its consumption. Lastly, its effects are dangerous to both an active and passive smokers’ health (Bommele, et al., 2014; Foulds, et al., 2008).

I believe respective governments and regulatory authorities should take a tough stand on, and implement similar laws to its sale and use as those of heroin.

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A poor nation means that the government does not have the ability to look after its citizens. Food and education are basic amenities which must be catered for. Rich nations should do more to help poor ones, and direct budget support is the most palatable form of aid (Caiden et al., 1974). Although these nations require to be helped, they should also strive to improve the well being of their citizens. They should make future development plans that are aimed at improving their situation. Otherwise the help will make them worse off.

Wealthy nations have a significant obligation to those living in very poor nations, the extent of the duty depending on the differences between in wealth or welfare. The obligation goes beyond their natural charitable inclinations (Posner et al., 2010).

The government of the poor countries has the responsibility to look after their citizens and should not rely on the wealthy nations to help them. However, this does not mean that they should not use the help. They should only use it in the short term.

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Given the nature of lifestyle that most parents are involved in, schools have remained the only place where our children should be taught both academic and life skills that will enable them to face the challenges that are posed by the fast changing society.

Hence schools need to do the following to prepare them for the 21 century:

1. apply content to real-world applications that call for students to solve problems, think creatively and learn to work in a team get solutions;
2. lead student to deeper understanding of the content through a carefully selected/crafted set of questions that demand answers that are based on evidence from the texts;
3. involve/engage students in collaborative groups to conduct investigations, discuss and share learning, and create products that demonstrate what was learnt;
4. ask students to think metacognitively about what have learnt and the process they used to learn it;
5. use technology as a tool for learning and for connecting students globally to develop deep understanding of key ideas and concepts;
6. require students to wrestle with complex problems that engage them in higher-order thinking skills;
7. give students the license and responsibility to craft their own learning path and direct their own learning;
8. help students make sense of their own world by connecting what they have learn and what they know, with other content areas and with other ideas; and
9. focus instruction away from ‘knowing’ to being able to apply and use information in relevant way.

In conclusion, being involved in process of solving problems builds a culture of inquiry in which asking and answering one’s own question becomes the centre of instruction.

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The porous borders have escalated Insecurity in the United States; this is as a result of crimes committed by illegal immigrants having turned the US to be a criminal playground. These crimes range from petty crimes to major crimes such as terrorism. Illegal immigrants have committed these crimes, because most of them do not have legal documents that can enable them secure employment. Therefore, they end up involving themselves in criminal activities. Like for example, in August 2015, a 52-year-old illegal immigrant from Mexico by the name Jose Angel, was found in possession of cocaine and a firearm in Texas (FAIR).  He is an example of several other illegal immigrants who have been found on the wrong side of the law.

The United States of America has taken various measures to reduce insecurity. Some of these efforts include policies and other documented recommendations to curb this menace. Since some of these illegal immigrants opt for greener pastures, restricting them to employment and other services can discourage them.  Amnesty proposals have been rejected in the past; this in return helps reduce the number of hopeful illegal immigrants who might think they will be beneficiaries of an amnesty decision by the federal government (Espenshade, 1997). Allocations for border security have been increased every year so as to equip and enhance border security. Therefore, despite the security challenges posed by illegal immigrants, the United States government has been instrumental in fighting this vice.

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It is almost correct to admit that the future of the written word as the main source of information lies in the modern technology such as the internet. In fact, one can predict the death of written sources just by examining the effects of the internet and online or digital libraries (Miller, 2011).  As much as the internet seems to play a significant role in the information sector, it will not push the written word as the main source of information to extinction.

While the internet sources seem to be ubiquitous and readily available, they too have a downside that highlights the preference of the written source. For instance, not everyone can afford the internet connection. Secondly, many find it uncomfortable to read through the screen, and some are cautious about the harmful rays generated from electronic media (Miller, 2011). Thirdly, the internet is widely affected by crowding servers or power failure that inconveniences the user or the researcher (Pavlik, 2013).

Written words on the other side prove to be convenient, easy to read, portable and cheap. Jason Epstein is known to be one of the very few advocates who have cited the aesthetic value of the written words as the prime and novel source of information (Epstein, 2011). For this reason alone, the internet will still come second after the written word as the main source of information.

It could be a common knowledge that the internet holds a crucial place regarding obtaining information. Nonetheless, the written word as the source of information shall remain significant, even though, its usage shall drop in the future.

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First of all, it is significant to settle on the need of safeguarding the environment in regards to the conditions of a certain country. This is mainly experienced in third world countries that work extra hard to ensure the people are contented. Such inhabitants look for greener pastures so as to upgrade their ways of living. A sustained fiscal plan will be obtained through such ways as this where the citizens are content, since most of the people in this setting are able to live in a well developed and protected environment. For instance, the rate of global fuel consumption continues to grow with the day. Vehicle production continues to contribute to global fuel consumption with each new vehicle place on the read requiring enhanced extraction of fuel to meet the global demand. This especially, is a concern to the state as it sources its oil from other countries and so an increase in oil prices will greatly affect the state’s economy.

In conclusion, it is unfeasible to overlook the most inconsequential needs of undeveloped countries so as to protect the environment. Nonetheless, if environmental conservation does not happen, the future generation will not have anything left for them, this means, evenhanded techniques must be applied so as to preserve the environment.

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There is a vast range of factor accounting when it comes to publishing news and broadcasts. The most noticeable are that, aiming at high audience rating for the maximization of profits. This leads to pursuing the increased diverse needs of viewers who come from different walks of life for the satisfaction and catering for them.

Besides, another contributory factor is that for a number a countries, the news editors have to succumb to political pressure, distorting facts, together with misleading the public. To focus it in some other way, the way they are controlled is entirely by use of energetic political parties and adjourned to disregard the truth. This is certainly true in different undemocratic countries like North Korea, Vietnams and Chinese where there is censoring of information in a serious way, together with dissemination of political ideas in guiding of public interests.

Moreover, while living in the information era, many people are bombarded with daily amount of news, which include good and bad form of media. The recent coverage, together with press might sometimes be less trustworthy mainly because there is an exaggeration of the level of the real information, for the purpose of boosting the attention of the audiences who are desired.  In addition, some media firms apply the stories of the private life of people.

Therefore, the current news, together with the news obtained from the media is affected by particular primary factors such as increased profits, hooking viewers and the political regulations among others.

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As people advance in age, they are faced with a rapid mental degeneration. As a result, the levels of energy that a body can sustain in order for one to remain energetic, as well as active in their job dwindles. Therefore, at 65 years, being active at work becomes a challenge, as it inhibits effectiveness at work (Kavanagh, 2012). Additionally, the productivity of one becomes low, thus, justifying the proposition.

Compulsory retirement at the age of 65 years is a brilliant step to be taken. This is because it creates new opportunities for the vibrant youths who where once unemployed. It is through this that the youth will have to garner great and additional expertise, once these vacancies are created (Fernando, 2013).

According to Fernando (2013), at the age of over 65 years, being technologically flexible becomes a challenge. Compared to the youth, the older people will find it difficult to adjust to the dynamic technological forces within an organization. It is good enough for them to retire so that the youth can be allowed to contribute and boost productivity, while embracing the technological advancements.

Compulsory retirement at the age of 65 years is a worthwhile idea. This gives the retirees a time to rest and also for leisure. I am, therefore, in support that retirement should be made compulsory at the age of 65years.

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The word ‘crusade’ in French means lifting the cross. Crusade describes an early military war by the initial Christians against the Muslims.  Such crusades were initiated by the Roman Catholics in the Late Medieval Ages (Phillips, 2012). The paper makes an analysis of Crusades in determining their intentions as part of the religious faith.

In 1095, Pope Urban initiated the first Crusade with the objective of making a restoration of Christian admissions to holy places in Jerusalem. After the first crusade there was the need to dominate over the Holy land. Seven other crusades followed. Therefore, it was during this time that Muslims took control over Palestine, Jordan and Israel (John, 2015). However, Christians in Europe had a belief that they would ascent to heaven in case they died struggling to take control of the Holy Land. Historiographers find the crusades assertive and unlawful and others consider them to be a no cease conflict within the Europe borders. The crusades cannot be considered exploitations because they plaid an important role in strengthening the Christina faith.

Christians could not let the Muslims have an Islamic invasion on their Holy land. They had to keep a continued faith in dealing with the varying issues necessary in taking control of all the regions that they considered to be part of their Holy worship (Phillips, 2012). Thus, the crusades are part of the Christian salvation due the effect they have on advancing the necessary coordination within the Christian faith. The cross in this case was lifted due to the increased efforts in making Jesus Christ known in all areas around Jerusalem.

Conclusion

The crusades were necessary in advancing the Christian salvation.  Christians who participated in crusades increased their faith greatly (John, 2015).

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Secondly, rich countries cancelling poor countries debts can result to too much dependence by poor countries .The poor countries will not manage and learn to develop through their own efforts but will rather depend on the developed nations for providence. If the financial help is given in form of loan, the poor countries, similarly referred as developing or underdeveloped countries will utilize the money more meaningfully .On the other hand the funds given should earn a low  interest rate to ensure the poor countries settle the debts without difficulties.

On the other hand, if a poor country is moving forward by putting the funds into impeccable use, then the debts should be forgiven so as to encourage countries who do not use the funds given with care and integrity .Nevertheless poor countries should also try and depend on themselves rather than always depending on aid programs .A country that learns to depend on itself will also succeed in joining international market and roles. Such countries will get more trust and respect from developed countries.

In other cases where the previous government of a poor country misuses funds, and when a different government is unable to settle the squandered money, the rich countries can write off the loans .In short, forgiving of debts has both merits and demerits. Doesn’t it?

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